Install rust with sudo for python cryptography

[glicka]

I am trying to install cryptography on a Raspberry Pi with sudo pip install cryptography which requires Rust >= 1.5.6. I installed Rust with

curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh

and tried again, but rustc couldn't be found (presumably because it wasn't install with sudo). I tried to install rust with sudo via:

curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs > rustInstall.sh
chmod +x rustInstall.sh
sudo ./rustInstall.sh

but then I couldn't run export /root/.cargo/etc. I read the following posts:

Installing via rustup with sudo

I would like to install Rust via rustup on AWS Ubuntu, and I'd like sudo cargo to work. The system has a quirk that it wants SSH to log in via a regular user and then sudo to perform any actions. If I install rustup as recommended curl | sh, then it's installed for the current user, and is not available in scripts ran via sudo. If I install it via curl | sudo sh, then it creates unusable installation (warning: $HOME differs from euid-obtained home directory: you may be using sudo). I need to …

Rustup not working with sudo

I recently got a new computer running ubuntu, and I installed rust using: curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh as instructed I closed the terminal, and logged back in, so that rustup command would be in my path. I then changed switched to rust nightly using rustup default nightly All seemed to be working, but I noticed that trying to use rustup in sudo doesn't seem to work. When I type the command : sudo rustup *any subcommand* , I just get the response "sudo: rus…

but haven't been able to find an answer on how to install rust with sudo in order to install cyptography with sudo pip. Please understand that cryptography must be installed with sudo and there is simply no way around it.

[steffahn]

Have you tried if the approach of working through a shell opened with sudo -s (or as suggested in the other thread sudo su) might work?

[Vorpal]

Sudo is a mess, since it doesn't change the HOME environment variable by default. Most likely all you ended up doing was messing up the permissions in your user directory.

You could install rust in full root shell, but I would suggest the better option is to build a package as a normal user and install that system wide. Best option is to build a package for your Linux distro package manger (whatever format that is). That is the proper way of doing this.

Besides, shouldn't all containers and so on be buildable by a recipe these days (part of that whole "cattle not pets" thing cloud people talk about)?

[glicka]

Yes I did try the sudo -s and well as the sudo su approach. Unfortunately, neither of those worked either.

[steffahn]

What failed? The rust installation, or only the pip? Did you try running the pip install from the sudo -s shell, too?

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Also, do you need the global pip install or is pip install --user sufficient? (Without any sudo)

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TIL, apparently sudo -H …cmd… is also a thing…

[glicka]

Rust seems to install fine, but using the sudo su example after I get out of the root shell after running export /root/.cargo/etc and run sudo rustc -V I get sudo: rustc: command not found

[steffahn]

Well, if you installed it for root, it won’t exist for the normal user, too, I guess? (Unless perhaps if you install it for both… i.e. multiple installations) I heard your goal is to install a python package, not to use rust? If you want to use rust with the normal user, then you should install it for the normal user (without sudo).

[glicka]

How do I build rust for a normal user and then install it system wide?

[steffahn]

Typically (at least in a setup involving rustup) doesn’t get installed ”system wide“, as far as I’m aware. See also: Does rustup.rs support shared .multirust (or whatever) directory? · Issue #313 · rust-lang/rustup · GitHub

[steffahn]

@steffahn

Also, do you need the global pip install or is pip install --user sufficient? (Without any sudo)

For the record, looking at the docs I don’t think that the installation process / instructions for the cryptography package are really designed for not global, but local installation for a single user. (And honestly, for a raspberry pi, shouldn’t that be sufficient?) I’m not a python user myself; looking at online docs it seems like either the global or the local installation might be default, perhaps depending on your distribution, and switching is done via --user or --system flags.

Have you tried if (no sudo) the command pip install --user cryptography works for you? (After rust is installed, normally i.e. also without using sudo, for the current user.)

[glicka]

I tried reinstalling the Raspberry Pi OS and starting from scratch in a sudo -s shell. Then I tried to install cryptography in that same shell and it worked for me. The steps were:

sudo -s
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
apt-get install libssl-dev
pip install cryptography
exit

Thank you so much for your help!