No, it is not possible; documentation is always built from one version of the code.
But this feature conditional is incorrect anyway, because the feature is non-additive: when the feature is disabled, <Foo as TryFrom<u64>>::Error is std::num::TryFromIntError, but when the feature is enabled, the error type is std::convert::Infallible. This can break callers who are relying on the error type being a TryFromIntError for their own error enum or conversion, or simply putting it in their own -> Result signature.
Instead, always implement TryFrom, then provide a separate method (not a From implementation) for infallible conversion when the "u64" feature is enabled.