I need to cross-compile a Rust program (x86-64 to arm64), but I'm working in environment where I have to use Debian's rust package (because company policy forbids curl | sh). Debian doesn't ship rustup, and rustup refuses to install if Debian's rust is installed anyway.
How can I add a target without rustup?
I think technically you should install the libstd-rust-dev:arm64 package, but I don't think you can actually do that with the way APT multiarch works.
Edit: maybe you can? See Multiarch/HOWTO - Debian Wiki and MultiarchCross - Ubuntu Wiki
Thanks! I've tried
dpkg --add-architecture aarch64
apt-get build-dep -a aarch64 libstd-rust-dev
but apt says it's not installable 
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
builddeps:rustc:aarch64 : Depends: libllvm4.0:aarch64 (>= 1:4.0.1-8) but it is not installable
Depends: rustc:aarch64 but it is not installable
Depends: zlib1g-dev:aarch64 but it is not installable
Depends: binutils:aarch64 (>= 2.26) but it is not installable or
binutils-2.26:aarch64 but it is not installable
Depends: gdb:aarch64 (>= 7.12) but it is not installable
I think you want apt-get install, not apt-get build-dep. apt-get build-dep X installs the dependencies needed to build X, not X itself. If you did want to build the standard library yourself, it would probably make more sense to build the compiler along with it.
It might also be possible to use xargo.
Might be more trouble than it's worth, but can you spin up a VM and use rustup in the VM?
Unfortunately apt-get install doesn't support -a "Command line option 'a' [from -a] is not understood in combination with the other options."
No, the build is already running in a VM. I'm just not allowed to use curl | sh hack, anywhere, at all. Company Policy, and I'm not going to stick my neck out in defense of piping to bash.
Then, you aren't "curl ... | sh" if that is the only thing they are concerned about.
You can also download the platform-specific rustup-init directly: https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rustup.rs/#other-installation-methods
The old rustup was shell, current one is in rust and the script just downloads the rustup binary.
Try apt-get install libstd-rust-dev:arm64
edit: arm64 not aarch64
Unfortunately, "E: Unable to locate package libstd-rust-dev:aarch64"
BTW, if I install apt-get install libstd-rust-dev I get 1.24.1+dfsg1-1~deb9u2, but my Rust is 1.28.0-1, so I'm not sure if it's going to work at all.
Oops, should be arm64 not aarch64.
Same error
Try apt-get update – you need to do that after dpkg --add-architecture if you haven't already.
Ahh, I did dpkg --add-architecture aarch64 instead of dpkg --add-architecture arm64 before. It installs now!
but unfortunately it doesn't have the desired effect:
error[E0463]: can't find crate for
std
|
= note: theaarch64-unknown-linux-gnutarget may not be installed
I've got
/usr/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libstd-f5a209a9.rlib/usr/local/lib/rustlib/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/libstd-0cce0e0e34e933aa.rlibI think you might have some version mismatch. You say your rustc is version 1.28.0-1, but that's not a version that is distributed by Debian. All Debian-packaged Rust packages have dfsg in the version. You'll need to obtain the ARM64 libstd from whomever packaged your Rust installation.
I put some effort into the original rustc Debian packaging to make this "just work". So just to summarise the above thread into one place, here's an example of cross-compiling for aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu (using Debian "testing"):
Note the Debian name for this architecture is arm64. In practice, you would combine the various apt install invocations for a slight increase in overall speed - I've broken them out only for clarity.
dpkg --add-architecture arm64
apt update
# Important part here is "libstd-rust-dev:arm64"
apt install cargo rustc libstd-rust-dev:arm64
If you need to install something that uses gcc/g++ from build.rs then you'll need a C cross-toolchain
apt install gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu g++-aarch64-linux-gnu
Tell cargo to use the right linker when cross compiling. Note this is ~/.cargo/config, not in a specific project, and note cargo/rustc expect to link via gcc, not ld directly.
cat <<EOF >>~/.cargo/config
[target.aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu]
linker = "/usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc"
EOF
Note you might need extra native libraries, depending on crates in use. Eg, openssl-sys requires:
apt install libssl-dev:arm64
export PKG_CONFIG_ALLOW_CROSS=1
Ready!
cargo build --target aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
file target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/mytest
target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/mytest: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, ARM aarch64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-linux-aarch64.so.1, for GNU/Linux 3.7.0, BuildID[sha1]=831ce6f2b01537416207ed67ed8ef09920144bbe, with debug_info, not stripped
Here is a full working Dockerfile environment for anyone who wants to build AWS Lambda functions :
FROM rust:latest
RUN dpkg --add-architecture arm64
RUN apt update && apt upgrade -y
RUN apt install -y g++-aarch64-linux-gnu libc6-dev-arm64-cross libssl-dev:arm64 pkg-config
RUN rustup target add aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
RUN rustup toolchain install stable-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
WORKDIR /app
ENV PKG_CONFIG_ALLOW_CROSS=1 \
CARGO_TARGET_AARCH64_UNKNOWN_LINUX_GNU_LINKER=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc \
CC_aarch64_unknown_linux_gnu=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc \
CXX_aarch64_unknown_linux_gnu=aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
CMD ["cargo", "build", "--target", "aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
# To build the image
# docker build . -t rust_cross_compile/aarch64 -f Dockerfile.aarch64
# In your Rust project
# docker run --rm -ti -v ${pwd}:/app rust_cross_compile/aarch64