Miri can (and probably should) be used for raising the confidence in unsafe code. (I am intentionally not writing "ensure correctness", because nothing but a formal proof by a human can achieve that.)
cargo fuzz makes it easy to write fuzz tests. The popular understanding of fuzzing is that it is for finding memory safety bugs in parsers, but it is also capable of finding other kinds of edge-case situations โ I use it to check that my algorithms do not panic, hang, OOM, or produce obvious nonsense when given arbitrary numbers as input.
Run fuzzing in CI as a scheduled or non-required job so you're not personally waiting for it all the time.